The front suspension is independent, on two wishbones on each side, with coil springs, with telescopic shock absorbers and anti-roll bar
Upper 24 and lower 14 (Fig. 1) transverse levers provide independent movement of each of the front wheels in a vertical plane (when overcoming road obstacles).
The ball joint 10 has the same design as the ball joint 25 and is connected to the steering knuckle and suspension arm in the same way as the joint.
The upper suspension arm 24 is connected to the cross member bracket with an axle attached to the bracket with two bolts 20, and the lower arm 14 is attached to the suspension cross member with a bolt-axle.
Adjusting washers are installed between the axis of the upper arm and the bracket, by changing the number of which they regulate the camber and the longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel.
Both suspension arms are connected to the axles through rubber-metal hinges (silent blocks), which ensure backlash-free connection of these parts.
Such a hinge includes a rubber bushing, outer and inner metal bushings.
The front suspension spring cups are bolted to the lower arms.
Two bearings are installed in the steering knuckle - inner 9 and outer 7, in the inner rings of which the wheel hub is installed with an interference fit.
Brake disc 5 is mounted on the hub.
On the side of the brake shield, the hub is sealed with an oil seal 6, and on the outside with a cap 1.
Regulate the tightening of the hub bearings with a disposable nut 2.
Springs 13 of the front suspension are cylindrical.
Shock absorbers 28 front suspension - telescopic, double-acting.
The upper ends of the shock absorbers are fixed through rubber pads in the brackets of the front suspension cross member, and the lower ends are attached to the brackets of the lower arms.
Lateral body rolls during cornering are compensated by the anti-roll bar 23, fixed through rubber bushings 11 at the ends on the lower arms, and in the middle part - on the cover of the front axle gearbox and on the side members of the body.
Possible front suspension problems and troubleshooting
Cause of malfunction - Remedy
Noise and knock in the suspension when the car is moving
Shock absorbers defective - Replace shock absorbers
Wear of the rubber-metal joints of the levers - Replace the joints
Wear of the rubber pads securing the anti-roll bar to the lower arms and to the front axle gearbox - Replace the pads
The shock absorbers are loose or the rubber pads and shock absorber mounting bushings are worn out - Tighten the mounting bolts and nuts, replace the cushions and bushings
Worn suspension arm ball joints - Replace ball joints
Increased front wheel bearing clearance - Adjust clearance or replace bearings
Great wheel imbalance - Balance the wheels
Wheel rim or rim warped - Replace wheel
Settlement or breakage of the suspension spring - Replace the springs as a set
Knock from suspension breakdown due to destruction of compression buffers - Replace damaged buffers
Loose tightening of the bolts and nuts securing the upper and lower arms - Tighten the bolts
The angles of the front wheels cannot be adjusted
Deformation of the lower arm axle - Replace the axle
Wear rubber joints - Replace joints
Deformation of steering knuckles, suspension arms or body side members - Replace deformed parts, restore the geometric dimensions of the side members
Moving the car away from straight ahead
Various tire pressure - Set normal tire pressure
Wrong front wheel alignment - Adjust wheel alignment
Incorrect front wheel bearing clearance - Adjust clearance
Deformed steering knuckle or suspension arms - Replace defor polished details
Uneven suspension spring tension - Replace springs as a set
Incomplete wheel brake release - Repair the brake failure
Significant difference in tire wear - Replace worn tires
Increased front wheel imbalance - Balance the wheels
Self-excited angular oscillation of the front wheels ("shimmy")
Incorrect tire pressure - Set correct tire pressure
Increased front wheel bearing clearance - Adjust clearance
Shock absorbers not working - Replace shock absorbers
Loose ball joint pin nuts - Tighten nuts
Incorrect front wheel alignment - Adjust the alignment
Wear of the rubber-metal joints of the levers - Replace the joints
Great wheel imbalance - Check and balance the wheels
Worn ball joints - Replace joints
Increased clearance in ball joints
Wear of the rubbing surfaces of the parts of the ball joint as a result of contamination caused by leakage of the protective boot or its damage - Replace the ball joint and the protective boot
Frequent "breakdowns" of the suspension
Settlement of suspension springs - Replace springs as a set
Shock absorbers not working - Replace shock absorbers
Deformed front suspension arms - Replace deformed arms
Uneven tire tread wear
Wrong front wheel alignment - Adjust front wheel alignment
Increased play in the front wheel bearings - Adjust the tightness of the bearings
Deterioration of damper performance - Replace shock absorbers
Wheels out of balance - Balance wheels
Worn rubber-to-metal hinges of the front suspension arms - Replace the hinges
Suspension creaking on road bumps
Worn rubber-to-metal hinges of the front suspension arms - Replace the hinges
Reducing the efficiency of the front shock absorber
Fluid leaking from front shock absorber - Replace front shock absorber