The head of the block can be removed with the receiver and exhaust manifold
If the block head is removed from the engine installed on the car, you must first perform the operations indicated in the subsection "Removing and installing the ZMZ-406 engine"
You can also see in the article - "Replacing the cylinder head gasket of the ZMZ-405, ZMZ-406 engine".
Then, disconnect the muffler intake pipe from the exhaust manifold, disconnect the hose from the throttle body, remove the radiator supply pipe, remove the generator.
Further, the procedure for removing the head of the block from the engine removed from the car and from the one installed on the car is the same.
Remove the camshafts (described in the article - Replacing the camshafts of the ZMZ-406 engine).
Loosen clamps 1 and remove hoses 2 and 3 from throttle body fittings.
Unscrew bolts 1 (Fig. 2) securing the block head. Remove screws 1 and washers.
Remove the cylinder head and head gasket.
Do not drive a screwdriver or any other tool between the cylinder head and the cylinder block, as this may damage the surface of the cylinder head adjacent to the cylinder block.
Cylinder head disassembly
Unscrew the nuts 1 (fig. 3) and remove the screen 5 of the phase sensor, the bracket 2 for lifting the engine and the exhaust manifold 6.
Remove the exhaust manifold gaskets.
Remove bolt 3 and remove the 4th phase sensor.
Unscrew emergency oil pressure sensors 7 and oil pressure indicator 8.
Loosen the clamp 1 (fig. 4) and remove the hose from the idle speed regulator pipe.
Unscrew nuts 2 and remove reservoir 3 from the inlet pipe.
Remove the receiver gasket.
Unscrew nuts 1 (Fig. 5) and remove intake pipe 2 together with injectors and fuel line.
Remove the intake pipe gasket.
Remove the screws 1 and remove the back cover 2 of the block head.
Remove the cover gasket.
Remove the hydraulic pushers of 1 valves (Fig. 7).
It is more convenient to remove hydraulic pushers using a magnet or a suction cup.
Hydropushers cannot be interchanged, so before removing them, they must be marked so that they can be installed in their place during assembly.
Store hydraulic tappets in the same position as they are on the valves so that oil does not leak out of them.
Install a valve spring compressor on the head of the block.
Compressing the valve springs with the tool, remove the 2 valve crackers.
Then, gradually loosening the pressure on the tool handle, fully open the valve springs.
Remove the fixture from the block head. Take out the plate 3 of the valve springs.
Then remove the outer and inner valve springs.
Remove valve stem seal 1 (Fig. 8).
Pry off with a screwdriver and remove the support washer 1 of the valve springs (Fig. 9).
Remove the valve from the side of the combustion chamber.
Remove the rest of the valves in the same way.
Before removing, mark all valves so that they can be reinstalled during assembly.
Inspection, troubleshooting and repair of the block head
After disassembling the block head, rinse all parts in gasoline, wipe and dry.
Clean combustion chambers and valves from carbon deposits.
Inspect the block head.
If there are cracks on the bridges between the valve seats, traces of burnout and cracks on the walls of the combustion chamber, replace the block head.
Check with a metal ruler and feeler gauges if the flatness of the surface of the head adjacent to the block is broken.
To do this, put the ruler with an edge on the surface of the head of the block, in the middle, along and then across and measure the gap between the surface of the head and the ruler with a probe.
If the gap exceeds 0.1 mm, replace the head.
Check the clearances in the camshaft bearings.
Check the gaps between the valve lifters and the channels for the hydraulic lifters in the block head.
The gap is calculated as the difference between the diameter of the channel and the diameter of the hydraulic pusher.
The nominal diameter of the channel for the hydraulic pusher is 35.0 +0.025 mm, the maximum allowable diameter is 35.1 mm.
The nominal diameter of the hydraulic pusher is 35.0 -0.025 and 35.0 -0.041 mm, the maximum allowable diameter is 34.95 mm.
The maximum allowable gap is 0.15 mm.
If the gap exceeds the specified value, replace the hydraulic pusher. If this does not give a positive result, replace the block head.
Inspect the valves.
If cracks are found on the working chamfer of the valve, warping of the valve head, burnout, deformation of the stem, the valve must be replaced.
Minor scratches and scratches on the valve face can be removed by lapping.
The valve is lapped to the seat as follows:
- - insert the valve into the block head;
- - put a valve grinding tool on the valve stem;
- - apply a thin layer of lapping paste, which is a mixture of fine abrasive powder with engine oil, to the working chamfer of the valve;
- - turn the valve in both directions with the help of the device, periodically pressing it against the seat.
An external sign of satisfactory lapping is a solid matte gray color of the working facet of the seat and valve.
After lapping, wipe the seat and valve with a clean cloth and rinse thoroughly to remove any remaining lapping paste.
To check the tightness of the valve, install it in the head of the block along with springs and crackers.
After that, put the head of the block on its side and pour kerosene into the channel closed by the valve.
If within 3 minutes. kerosene will not seep into the combustion chamber, the valve is considered sealed.
Check the condition of the valve springs.
Springs that are bent or cracked or broken should be replaced.
Check the condition of the valve seats.
The seat bevels must be free of wear, pitting, corrosion, etc.
Minor damage (small marks, scratches, etc.) can be removed by lapping the valves.
Stronger defects can be removed by grinding.
After grinding, check the runout of the chamfer of the seat against the hole in the valve guide, the maximum allowable runout is 0.05 mm.
After grinding, grind the valves.
Then, thoroughly clean and blow out the head of the block with compressed air so that no abrasive particles remain in the channels closed by the valves and in the combustion chambers.
It should be noted that after grinding the seat, the valve sits deeper in the seat.
Therefore, after grinding, you need to measure the distance between the end of the valve stem pressed against the seat and the camshaft axis.
If this distance is less than 35.5 mm, replace the block head, as in this case the normal operation of the valve lifters is disrupted.
Check clearances between guide bushings and valves
Clearance is calculated as the difference between the diameter of the hole in the sleeve and the diameter of the valve stem.
The maximum allowable gap is 0.2 mm. If the clearance is greater than specified, replace the valve and guide sleeve.
The old bushing is pressed out with a mandrel from the side of the combustion chamber.
Install new bushings with retaining rings put on them until the retaining ring stops in the plane of the block head from the side of the hole for the hydraulic pushers.
before installation, the beams must be cooled to -40 ... 45 ° C, and the head of the block must be heated to a temperature of + 160 ... 175 ° C.
The bushing should be inserted into the head of the block freely or with little effort.
For spare parts, valve guides are supplied in three repair sizes.
First overhaul with 0.02 mm increase in bushing outer diameter.
The second one has the outer diameter of the sleeve 14.2 +0.053 and 14.2 +0.040 mm, the third one has a diameter increased by 0.02 mm from the second size.
When installing bushings of the first repair size, do not bore the hole for the bushing in the head of the block.
When installing bushings of the second and third repair sizes, it is necessary to bore the hole to a diameter of 14.2 -0.023 and 14.2 -0.050 mm.
After installing new bushings, expand the valve hole in them.
Then grind the valve seats as above.
In order to check the block head for cracks, you need to bring a hose for supplying compressed air to one of the holes in the cooling jacket.
Plug all holes in the head with wooden plugs.
Immerse the head in a bath of water and apply compressed air at a pressure of 1.5 atm. In places where there are cracks, air bubbles will come out.
Assembly
The head of the block is assembled in the reverse order of disassembly.
Before installing, lubricate the valve stem seals, valve stems and valve lifters with engine oil.
Install valves and hydraulic pushers in accordance with the marks made during disassembly.
Install the rear head cover gasket and rear cover with Hermesil sealant or similar.
Install the block head in the reverse order of removal.
The order of tightening the block head bolts is shown in the figure.
Tighten the block head bolts in two stages: 1st stage - 40–60 Nm (4.0–6.0 kgf m); Stage 2 - 130–145 Nm (13.0–14.5 kgf m).